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flash BIOS - Übersetzung nach Englisch
![An [[American Megatrends]] BIOS showing an "[[Intel]] CPU uCode Loading Error" after a failed attempt to upload microcode patches into the CPU](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AMIBIOSIntel CPU uCode Error.jpg?width=200 "An [[American Megatrends]] BIOS showing an \"[[Intel]] CPU uCode Loading Error\" after a failed attempt to upload microcode patches into the CPU")
![[[Compaq Portable]] 386 BIOS](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Compaq Portable 386 BIOS.jpg?width=200 "[[Compaq Portable]] 386 BIOS")
![PLCC]] package in a socket.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elitegroup 761GX-M754 - AMIBIOS (American Megatrends) in a Winbond W39V040APZ-5491.jpg?width=200 "PLCC]] package in a socket.")
общая лексика
флэш-BIOS
Базовая система ввода-вывода, записанная в микросхеме флэш-памяти. Это позволяет при необходимости модифицировать её программно
Смотрите также
![Demonstration of a magnesium [[flash powder]] lamp from 1909](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1909 Victor Flash Lamp.jpg?width=200 "Demonstration of a magnesium [[flash powder]] lamp from 1909")
![Kodak Brownie Hawkeye]] with "Kodalite Flasholder" and Sylvania P25 blue-dot daylight-type flashbulb](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brownie Hawkeye with Flash.jpg?width=200 "Kodak Brownie Hawkeye]] with \"Kodalite Flasholder\" and Sylvania P25 blue-dot daylight-type flashbulb")
![A photo of a [[Smith & Wesson Model 686]] firing, taken with a high speed [[air-gap flash]]. The photo was taken in a darkened room, with camera's shutter open and the flash was triggered by the sound of the shot using a microphone.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bullet coming from S&W.jpg?width=200 "A photo of a [[Smith & Wesson Model 686]] firing, taken with a high speed [[air-gap flash]]. The photo was taken in a darkened room, with camera's shutter open and the flash was triggered by the sound of the shot using a microphone.")
![[[Ernst Leitz]] Wetzlar flash from 1950s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/E. Leitz Wetzlar flash - 1.JPG?width=200 "[[Ernst Leitz]] Wetzlar flash from 1950s")
![Pentax MZ-30]], firing](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The built in flash of a SLR camera, Pentax MZ-30, firing 2.jpg?width=200 "Pentax MZ-30]], firing")
![Flash LED with [[charge pump]] integrated circuit](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wiko Rainbow 4G - Flash LED with SGM3140 LED Driver -5572.jpg?width=200 "Flash LED with [[charge pump]] integrated circuit")
Wikipedia
In computing, BIOS (, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). The BIOS firmware comes pre-installed on an IBM PC or IBM PC compatible's system board and exists in some UEFI-based systems to maintain compatibility with operating systems that do not support UEFI native operation. The name originates from the Basic Input/Output System used in the CP/M operating system in 1975. The BIOS originally proprietary to the IBM PC has been reverse engineered by some companies (such as Phoenix Technologies) looking to create compatible systems. The interface of that original system serves as a de facto standard.
The BIOS in modern PCs initializes and tests the system hardware components (Power-on self-test), and loads a boot loader from a mass storage device which then initializes a kernel. In the era of DOS, the BIOS provided BIOS interrupt calls for the keyboard, display, storage, and other input/output (I/O) devices that standardized an interface to application programs and the operating system. More recent operating systems do not use the BIOS interrupt calls after startup.
Most BIOS implementations are specifically designed to work with a particular computer or motherboard model, by interfacing with various devices especially system chipset. Originally, BIOS firmware was stored in a ROM chip on the PC motherboard. In later computer systems, the BIOS contents are stored on flash memory so it can be rewritten without removing the chip from the motherboard. This allows easy, end-user updates to the BIOS firmware so new features can be added or bugs can be fixed, but it also creates a possibility for the computer to become infected with BIOS rootkits. Furthermore, a BIOS upgrade that fails could brick the motherboard. The last version of Microsoft Windows to officially support running on PCs which use legacy BIOS firmware is Windows 10 as Windows 11 requires a UEFI-compliant system.
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a successor to the legacy PC BIOS, aiming to address its technical limitations.
